Long-form research articles, dosage references, comparisons and peptide reference guides — all in one place. For research purposes only.
Precision matters. A researcher's guide to reconstituting tirzepatide: toolkit, dilution maths, a worked example, and a six-step protocol aligned with our in-house guidance.
Read article →A technical overview of retatrutide for UK laboratory research in 2026: triple-agonist mechanism, comparison with tirzepatide and semaglutide, HPLC verification, reconstitution and storage.
Read article →Long-acting synthetic analogue of the pancreatic hormone amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide, IAPP). Structurally modified with a C20 fatty-acid side chain to extend plasma half-life relative to native amylin.
Read article →Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) — a nine amino-acid neuropeptide (Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu) first isolated from rabbit cerebral venous blood in 1977.
Read article →Synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) based on the natural pineal-derived polypeptide epithalamin.
Read article →Research blend combining three peptides: GHK-Cu (copper tripeptide-1), BPC-157 (a 15 amino-acid partial sequence of human gastric juice protein BPC) and TB-500 (a synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4).
Read article →Reduced L-glutathione (GSH) — an endogenous tripeptide (γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) and the principal intracellular thiol antioxidant.
Read article →Four-peptide research blend: GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV (a tripeptide fragment Lys-Pro-Val derived from the C-terminus of α-MSH).
Read article →Copper tripeptide-1 (Gly-His-Lys) complexed with divalent copper (Cu²⁺) — a naturally occurring plasma tripeptide first identified in human serum in 1973.
Read article →Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) — an endogenous pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme central to cellular redox biology.
Read article →AOD-9604 — a synthetic 16 amino-acid fragment (Tyr-hGH177–191) corresponding to the C-terminal region of human growth hormone, with a tyrosine residue added at the N-terminus.
Read article →Melanotan II — a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analogue of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH).
Read article →MOTS-c — a 16 amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA region of the mitochondrial genome.
Read article →Bremelanotide (PT-141) — a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analogue of α-MSH, structurally related to melanotan II.
Read article →Retatrutide (LY3437943) — a synthetic 39 amino-acid triple-agonist peptide with a C20 fatty-diacid moiety, engineered to activate three incretin/glucagon-family receptors in a single molecule.
Read article →Tirzepatide (LY3298176) — a synthetic 39 amino-acid dual-agonist peptide with a C20 fatty-diacid moiety, based on the native GIP sequence with modifications enabling GLP-1 receptor activity.
Read article →Tesamorelin — a synthetic 44 amino-acid analogue of human growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH1–44), with an N-terminal trans-3-hexenoyl modification that increases enzymatic stability.
Read article →KPV — the C-terminal tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH).
Read article →Selank — a synthetic seven amino-acid peptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin, developed at the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
Read article →Ipamorelin — a synthetic pentapeptide (Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH₂), one of the earliest selective growth-hormone secretagogues developed for research use.
Read article →Semaglutide — a synthetic 31 amino-acid analogue of native GLP-1(7–37), with two amino-acid substitutions and a C18 fatty-diacid side chain (via a spacer) that enables albumin binding and extends plasma half-life.
Read article →Semax — a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) based on a fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH4–7), developed at the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
Read article →SS-31 (elamipretide) — a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide (D-Arg-2',6'-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH₂) designed to concentrate at the inner mitochondrial membrane through selective association with cardiolipin.
Read article →Two-peptide research stack: BPC-157 (a 15 amino-acid partial sequence of the human gastric juice protein BPC) and TB-500 (a synthetic fragment of thymosin β-4).
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